MTCRE

 1. In case it is not administratively defined, how is OSPF Router ID determined?

A. Random number

✓ B. The highest IP address of any active interface on the router

C. The lowest IP address of any active interface on the router

D. Random IP address from any interface on the router

E. The lowest IP address of any interface included in OSPF

F. The highest IP address of any interface included in OSPF

G. Random IP addresses from any interface included in OSPF

2. When sending out an ARP request, an IP host is expecting what kind of address for an answer?

A. IP address

B. VLAN ID

✓ C. MAC Address

D. 802.11g

3. Consider the following diagram. Assuming that all the necessary configuration has already been done on R2 (proxy-arp is disabled), to communicate from a device on LAN1 to a device on LAN2, which of the following configurations on R1 would enable this?

A. /ip route add dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=Ether1

B. /ip route add dst-address=192.168.1.0/24 src-address=192.168.0.0/24 gateway=192.168.99.2

✓ C. /ip route add dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=192.168.99.2

✓ D. /ip route add dst-address=192.168.1.0/24 gateway=192.168.99.2

E. /ip route add dst-address=192.168.0.0/24 gateway=192.168.0.1

4. It is possible to create EoIP tunnels between two locations over the Internet.

Answer: True

5. EOIP tunnels cannot be bridged because they are not true layer 2 tunnels.

Answer: False

6. OSPF area ID does not need to be unique within the AS.

Answer: False

7. It is possible to change the Time To Live in Firewall Mangle.

Answer: True

8. Which route will be used to reach host 192.168.1.55?

/ip route add disabled=no distance=1 dst-address=192.168.1.0/24 gateway=1.1.1.1 add disabled=no distance=1 dst-address=192.168.1.0/25 gateway=2.2.2.2 add disabled=no distance=1 dst-address=192.168.0.0/16 gateway=3.3.3.3

A. Route via gateway 1.1.1.1

B. Route via gateway 3.3.3.3

✓ C. Route via gateway 2.2.2.2

9. Routing marks can be assigned by the IP firewall mangle facility in following chains (select all that apply):

✓ A. prerouting

B. forward

✓ C. output

D. postrouting

E. input

10. Which type of ip route is the highest priority for routing decision?

✓ A. Connected Route

B. Static Route

C. OSPF Route

D. BGP Route

11. Route with lower distance will be preferred over the route with higher distance even if the gateway is unreachable.

Answer: False

12. In broadcast networks OSPF depends on the following to function correctly.

A. TCP

B. UDP

✓ C. Multicast

D. ICMP

13. ARP is required for IP communication within an L2TP Tunnel.

Answer: False

14. To securely bridge (Layer 2) together two remote networks the following methods can be used (select all that apply):

✓ A. EoIP with IPsec secret specified

B. SSTP or L2TP/IPsec

C. IPIP with IPsec secret specified

✓ D. SSTP with BCP or L2TP/IPsec with BCP

✓ E. EoIP over SSTP or over L2TP/IPsec

15. Open Shortest Path First is a

A. Distance vector routing protocol

✓ B. Link state routing protocol

C. Hybrid routing protocol

16. If router receives packet with TTL=1 then:

A. packet will always reach its destination

B. packet will be forwarded only to next L3 device

✓ C. packet will not be forwarded

17. OSPF starts working on the router as soon as

A. at least one area is specified in the ospf area menu

✓ B. at least one IP network is assigned in the ospf network menu

C. the routing package is enabled on the router

D. at least one interface is defined in the ospf interface menu

18. When using routing option 'check-gateway=ping' what is the ICMP echo request interval (in seconds)?

✓ A. 10s

B. 60s

C. 30s

D. 20s

19. /ip route configuration on router:

/ip route add gateway=192.168.0.1 /ip route add dst-address=192.168.1.0/24 gateway=192.168.0.2 /ip route add dst-address=192.168.2.0/24 gateway=192.168.0.3 /ip route add dst-address=192.168.3.0/26 gateway=192.168.0.4

Router needs to send packets to 192.168.3.240. Which gateway will be used?

✓ A. 192.168.0.1

B. 192.168.0.4

C. 192.168.0.2

D. 192.168.0.3

20. There are two routes in the routing table: 0 dst-addr=10.1.1.0/24 gateway=5.5.5.5 1 dst-addr=10.1.1.4/30 gateway=5.6.6.6 Which gateway will be used to get to the IP address 10.1.1.6?

A. both – half of the traffic will be routed through one gateway, half through the other

B. the required route is not in the routing table

C. 5.5.5.5

✓ D. 5.6.6.6

21. A routing table has following entries: 0 dst-address=10.0.0.0/24 gateway=10.1.5.126 1 dst-address=10.1.5.0/24 gateway=10.1.1.1 2 dst-address=10.1.0.0/24 gateway=25.1.1.1 3 dst-address=10.1.5.0/25 gateway=10.1.1.2 Which gateway will be used for a packet with destination address 10.1.5.126?

A. 10.1.1.1

B. 25.1.1.1

C. 10.1.5.126

✓ D. 10.1.1.2

22. The 'check-gateway' option is enabled for one route. Select all statements that are true:

          A. Check gateway option can be configured for Ping, ARP and RARP (reverse ARP)

✓ B. Gateway is checked every 10 seconds and after 2 failures, the gateway is considered unreachable

C. Gateway is checked every 10 seconds and after a single failure, the gateway is considered unreachable

✓ D. In case of failure of the gateway, routes pointing to that gateway will become inactive

23. Which description regarding OSPF Network LSAs is correct when using broadcast network type?

✓ A. They are originated by the DR on every multi-access network. They include all attached routers including the DR itself

B. They are originated by every router in OSPF network. They include all routers on the link, interfaces, the cost of the link, and any known neighbor on the link

C. They are originated by Area Border Routers and are sent into a single area to advertise destinations outside that area

D. They are originated by Area Border Router and are sent into a single area to advertise an Autonomous System Border Router

24. In OSPF protocol, which one of these router types are responsible for route distribution between different Autonomous systems?

A. IR

B. ABR

C. AS

✓ D. ASBR

25. To route two private networks together over a public routed network (there are multiple hops between the gateway routers of the private networks), you can use the following tunnel types (mark all that are correct):

✓ A. L2TP

✓ B. EOIP

✓ C. IPIP

✓ D. PPTP

     E. PPPOE

MTCRE

 

1. Which of the following are correct statements?

⬜ A. OSPF allows unequal cost load balancing
✅ B. If OSPF router ID is not set manually, then the lowest IP address configured on an active interface is used
✅ C. Every OSPF area must connect with area 1
⬜ D. OSPF is not a link state protocol
✅ E. OSPF requires neighbor adjacencies before updates are sent

2. The check-gateway option is enabled for one route. Select all statements that are true:

⬜ A. In case of failure of the gateway, routes pointing to that gateway will become inactive
⬜ B. Gateway is checked every 10 seconds and after a single failure, the gateway is considered unreachable
✅ C. Gateway is checked every 10 seconds and after 2 failures, the gateway is considered unreachable
✅ D. Check gateway option can be configured for Ping, ARP and RARP (reverse ARP)

3. ECMP provides:

✅ A. Per src/dst address pair load balancing to multiple gateways
⬜ B. Per packet load balancing to multiple gateways
⬜ C. Per src address load balancing to multiple gateways
⬜ D. Per connection load balancing to multiple gateways

4. Router has two gateways to reach a certain network both with check gateway activated. Choose the option you can use to control active and backup gateway.

✅ A. Distance
⬜ B. Scope
⬜ C. Interface
⬜ D. Routing mark

5. Select correct statements about STUB area

✅ A. Area is not 0 (backbone)
✅ B. There is no ASBR in the area.
⬜ C. OSPF network type is NSSA.
⬜ D. There is one ASBR in the area.
✅ E. All routers in a STUB area must be configured as STUB

6. Consider the following output from the command "/ip address print":

 

Flags: X - disabled, I - invalid, D - dynamic 

# ADDRESS         NETWORK     BROADCAST    INTERFACE 

0 10.10.10.1/32   10.10.10.2   0.0.0.0      pppoe-1 

1 10.10.10.1/32   10.10.10.3   0.0.0.0      pppoe-2 

This configuration is invalid because of the duplicate IPs.

false

7. When using routing option check-gateway=ping what is the ICMP echo request interval (in seconds)?

⬜ A. 20s
⬜ B. 30s
✅ C. 10s

There are two PPPoE stages, Discovery and Session.

false

9. There are two routes in the routing table:

CopyEdit

0 dst-addr=10.1.1.0/24 gateway=5.5.5.5 

1 dst-addr=10.1.1.4/30 gateway=5.6.6.6 

Which gateway will be used to get to the IP address 10.1.1.6?

⬜ A. both - half of the traffic will be routed through one gateway, half through the other
⬜ B. the required route is not in the routing table
✅ C. 5.6.6.6
⬜ D. 5.5.5.5

10. In OSPF interface configuration what effect will a passive=yes option have on a specific interface?

✅ A. It will prevent routes learned through the interface from being listed in the routing table.
⬜ B. It will action a mirroring of all routing upgrades to that interface
⬜ C. It will prevent all OSPF traffic through that interface
⬜ D. It will prevent all traffic through that interface

 

11. Which route will be used to reach host 192.168.1.55?

/ip route 

add disabled=no distance=1 dst-address=192.168.1.0/24 gateway=1.1.1.1 

add disabled=no distance=1 dst-address=192.168.1.0/25 gateway=2.2.2.2 

add disabled=no distance=1 dst-address=192.168.0.0/16 gateway=3.3.3.3 

✅ B. Route via gateway 2.2.2.2

12. There are two gateways to the Internet in a network on two separate routers. Both of them have OSPF routing enabled and are redistributing their default gateways to the network respectively. One does it as type 1, the other as type 2, cost configuration is the same on both routers. What will be preferred gateway in the network?

⬜ A. Traffic to Internet will be load-balanced between the two routes as routes from both routers will be installed in routing tables
✅ B. MikroTik RouterOS does not distinguish types when redistributing default route. RouterOS relies only on cost, so route from the closest router in term of cost will be chosen
⬜ C. The route distributed as type 1 will be the preferred one
⬜ D. The route distributed as type 2 will be the preferred one

 

13. EoIP is:

⬜ A. Layer-3 tunnel
✅ B. Layer-2 tunnel, that can be bridged
✅ C. MikroTik proprietary tunnel protocol

 

14. A routing table has following entries:

CopyEdit

0 dst-address=10.0.0.0/24 gateway=10.1.5.126 

1 dst-address=10.1.5.0/24 gateway=10.1.1.1 

2 dst-address=10.1.0.0/24 gateway=25.1.1.1 

3 dst-address=10.1.5.0/25 gateway=10.1.1.2 

Which gateway will be used for a packet with destination address 10.1.5.126?

⬜ A. 25.1.1.1
⬜ B. 10.1.1.1
⬜ C. 10.1.5.126
✅D. 10.1.1.2

15. What is the maximum number of supported VLANs on a single ethernet interface in RouterOS:

⬜ A. unlimited
✅ B. 4095
⬜ C. 63
⬜ D. 511
⬜ E. 255

 

16. In OSPF network it is possible to use area-id=0.0.0.0 for non backbone area

true (dipilih dari dropdown)

17. The OSPF network (see the attached image) is configured with costs of the links showed next to each router. Choose the routes which will be used to reach router D from router A and router A from router D.

⬜ A. A→E→D and D→C→B→A
⬜ B. A→B→C→E→D and D→C→B→A
✅ C. A→E→D and D→E→A
⬜ D. A→B→C→D and D→C→B→A

18. Which type of IP route is the highest priority for routing decision?

⬜ A. OSPF Route
✅ B. Static Route
⬜ C. BGP Route
⬜ D. Connected Route

19. In OSPF networks, stub areas are responsible for which of the following (check all that apply):

✅ A. Reducing the database size inside the area
⬜ B. Increasing latency in the area
✅ C. Reducing the memory requirements of routers in the area
⬜ D. Increasing the number of AS external routes

20. To securely bridge (Layer 2) together two remote networks the following methods can be used:

✅ A. EoIP with IPsec secret specified
✅ B. EoIP over SSTP or over L2TP/IPsec
⬜ C. SSTP or L2TP/IPsec
✅ D. SSTP with BCP or L2TP/IPsec with BCP
⬜ E. IPIP with IPsec secret specified

21. Open Shortest Path First is a

⬜ A. Distance vector routing protocol
✅ B. Link state routing protocol
⬜ C. Hybrid routing protocol

22. How is PPPoE concentrator discovered?

⬜ A. Layer3 directed broadcast
⬜ B. Manual IP address is necessary
✅ C. Layer2 broadcast (PADI frame)
⬜ D. Layer4 port forwarding

23. /ip route configuration on router

bash

CopyEdit

/ip route add gateway=192.168.0.1

/ip route add dst-address=192.168.1.0/24 gateway=192.168.0.2

/ip route add dst-address=192.168.2.0/24 gateway=192.168.0.3

/ip route add dst-address=192.168.3.0/26 gateway=192.168.0.4

Router needs to send packets to 192.168.3.240. Which gateway will be used?

A. 192.168.0.2

B. 192.168.0.1

C. 192.168.0.4

D. 192.168.0.3

 

24. When sending out an ARP request, an IP host is expecting what kind of address for an answer?

A. IP address

B. MAC Address

C. VLAN ID

D. 802.11g

 

25. Consider the following diagram. Assuming that all the necessary configuration has already been done on R2 (proxy-arp is disabled), to communicate from a device on LAN1 to a device on LAN2, which of the following configurations on R1 would enable this?

✅ A. ip route add dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=192.168.99.2

      B. ip route add dst-address=192.168.1.5/24 src-address=192.168.0.0/24 gateway=192.168.99.2

✅ C. ip route add dst-address=192.168.1.0/24 gateway=192.168.99.2

       D. ip route add dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=Ether1

       E. ip route add dst-address=192.168.0.3/24 gateway=192.168.0.1